Various Routing Algorithms in Wireless Sensor Networks for Energy Minimization

Sneha R. Jadhav; S. D. Chavan

doi:10.37591/rtsrt.v7i3.4502

Abstract

The past few years have witnessed increased interest in the potential use of wireless sensornetworks (WSNs) in a wide range of applications and it has become a hot research area. Lot ofresearchers are showing interest in WSN for disaster management where prediction ofupcoming disaster is required well in advance before it happens and in critical areas wherehuman presence is not possible directly; wired communication dose not suit well for suchapplications. So, Wireless Sensor Network with proper routing methods which will give quick,correct and redundant information is required. Based on network structure, routing protocolsin WSNs can be divided into two categories: straight routing and hierarchical or clusteringrouting. Owing to a large number of advantages, clustering is becoming an active branch ofrouting technology in WSNs. In this study, we present an all-inclusive and fine grained surveyon clustering routing protocols proposed in the literature for WSNs. We outline the advantagesand objectives of clustering for WSNs, and develop a novel table of WSN clustering routingmethods. In particular, we have systematically studied few prominent WSN clustering routingprotocols and compared these different approaches according to our table and severalsignificant metrics. Finally, we summarize and conclude the paper with some future workdirections. Wireless sensor network in today's world seems an unavoidable part of human life.Because of its applications ranging from disaster management, in critical areas where humanpresence is not possible, to various industrial applications such as temperature monitoring,pressure monitoring, humidity monitoring and many more applications in each and every field.WSN plays very important role in each part of the human life. Basically in WSN, sensor nodesare used which monitor the environmental condition and accordingly take necessary action ifthe event is detected. But small size of sensor nodes is its challenge. Large energy getsconsumed in sensing and receiving data which causes early death of sensor nodes. This earlydeath of some sensor nodes creates energy hole problem in the network and network cannotwork properly. To prevent this, a proper routing protocol needs to be developed whichincreases overall lifetime of the network. There are many protocols developed which usedifferent techniques for data routing through the network.