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Research and Reviews : A Journal of Medical Science and Technology Review Article

Role of Epigenetic Mechanisms in Lung Fibrosis: Therapeutic Opportunities and Challenges

  1. Shivangi Department of Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Gautam Buddha University
  2. Jai Prakash Muyal Department of Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Gautam Buddha University

Abstract

Lung fibrosis poses a serious risk to one's health since it might result in respiratory failure due to an abnormal accumulation of fibrotic tissue in the lungs. Epigenetic mechanisms, such as histone changes, DNA methylation, and non-coding RNAs, closely control gene expression patterns and cellular processes associated with lung fibrosis. Anomalies in DNA methylation patterns connected to changes in gene expression profiles and disturbances in fibrotic signalling pathways are potential targets for diagnosis and treatment in fibrotic lungs. A portion of the abnormal gene expression patterns and decreased cellular activity observed in fibrotic lungs can be explained by hepatocellular dysregulation. Non-coding RNAs have an impact on crucial signalling pathways that cause lung fibrosis to develop. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are two examples of these routes. Collaboration between medical professionals, researchers, regulators, and the advancement of pulmonary fibrosis precision medicine therapies depends on industry actors. Recent developments in the CRISPR-Cas9 system have enabled epigenetic editing. This study examines the benefits and drawbacks of using these modifications for medical treatment. A few concerns need to be fixed before epigenetic therapies may be used effectively in clinical settings. Delivery, specificity, off-target repercussions and morality are some of these challenges. The goal of this review is to enhance patient outcomes and quality of life by investigating the intricate relationship between epigenetic modifications and the biology of lung fibrosis.

Keywords

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