PCOS: Pathophysiology, Symptoms, and Diagnosis in Females

Gyanendra Kumar Gupta; Gagan Devi

Abstract

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder affecting women of reproductive age, with a prevalence ranging from 4 to 12 percent in different population studies. It is a heterogeneous disorder etiology of which is not known completely. Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) arises from ovarian dysfunction and various biochemical irregularities, serving as the leading cause of anovulatory infertility. Women affected by this condition typically exhibit characteristics such as infrequent or absent ovulation, signs of elevated androgens, the presence of multiple ovarian cysts, and an increased likelihood of experiencing dyslipidemia and insulin resistance. These metabolic issues contribute to long-term health concerns, accentuating the significance of addressing and managing PCOS for the well-being of affected individuals.