Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Current Update from Literature

Irfat Ara; Mehrukh Zehravi; Mudasir Maqbool; Imran Gani

Abstract

PCOS (polycystic ovary syndrome) is an endocrine condition that affects women of reproductive age and can have catastrophic consequences. Menstrual irregularities, hirsutism, evidence of hyperandrogenism, and insulin resistance are all indicators of PCOS. PCOS individuals are more likely to suffer reproductive, metabolic, and cardiovascular problems. The pathogenesis of PCOS is complicated by a number of factors, including genetics, environmental factors, hormonal imbalances, obesity, ovarian dysfunction, and hypothalamus pituitary malformations. Despite being one of the most prevalent problems with reproductive health among women, doctors have a very difficult time offering the right kind of medical care. The major causes of this disorder's pathogenesis appear to be hyperandrogenism and insulin resistance. PCOS treatments work to reduce hyperinsulinemia, restore fertility, treat hirsutism or acne, and correct monthly irregularities. The best first-line treatment for PCOS is a lifestyle intervention that includes a healthy diet with caloric restriction, exercise to aid in weight loss and avoids future weight gain, and support for behaviour modification. Future research should concentrate on the knowledge gaps in this area. The optimum treatment for patients will be provided if those doctors are followed. The majority of PCOS patients only receive symptomatic treatment with hormones and insulin sensitizers, which results in long-term pharmaceutical dependency. There is currently no effective treatment for PCOS.

Abstract

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