STM Journals Peer-reviewed research from Consortium e-Learning Network

Research and Reviews: A Journal of Dentistry Original Research

Soft Tissue Cephalometric Norms of Various Ethnic Groups in North India: A Systematic Review

  1. Thenaruvi Marimuthu Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Ragas Dental College and Hospital

Abstract

Facial features play a key role in determining the esthetic attractiveness of a person. Cephalometric analysis paves way to have a guide to plan a treatment to bring aesthetically pleasing results. Soft tissue cephalometric analysis is helpful as guides while planning orthodontic, surgical, aesthetic procedures. However, since earliest cephalometric analysis are based solely on studies done on Caucasian population some key features may not be quite appealing while the results are applied to Indian ethnic population groups as standards of beauty varies depending on the ethnicity of the viewer and the bearer. Hence while planning aesthetically pleasing treatments, one might make use of soft tissue cephalometric studies done on specific ethnic populations to which the patient belongs. This article provides a systematic review and comparison of such soft tissue cephalometric studies done on ethnic north Indian populations to standard Caucasian values.

Keywords

References (10)

  1. Garg R, Alexander M. “Are We Similar to Caucasians”: Orthognathic Surgery for North Indians. Journal of Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery. 2014;14(2):271-277. doi:10.1007/s12663-014-0636-6
  2. Singh R, Awasthy A, Krishna BP, Mazhar H, Soni SK, Thomas AE. Do We Vary from Caucasians! Cephalometric Analysis for Orthognathic Surgery in Chhattisgarhi Population. Journal of Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery. 2021;21(4):1237-1243. doi:10.1007/s12663-021-01559-4
  3. Upadhyay J, Maheshwari S, Verma S, Zahid S. Soft tissue cephalometric analysis applied to regional Indian population. National Journal of Maxillofacial Surgery. 2013;4(2):159. doi:10.4103/0975-5950.127644
  4. Burstone CJ, James RB, Legan H, Murphy GA, Norton LA. Cephalometric for orthognathic surgery. J Oral Surg. 1978;36(4):269-77.
  5. Legan HL, Burstone CJ. Soft tissue cephalometric analysis for orthognathic surgery. J Oral Surg. 1980;38(10):744-51.
  6. Arnett GW, Bergman RT. Facial keys to orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning. Part I. Am J Ortho Dentofacial Ortho. 1993;103(4):299-312.
  7. Arnett GW, Bergman RT. Facial keys to orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning. Part II. Am J Ortho Dentofacial Ortho. 1993;103(5):395-411.
  8. Sunda S, Munjal S, Singh S, Singh H. Soft Tissue Analysis – A Review Article. J Adv Med Dent Scie Res. 2020;8(5):48-51.
  9. Arnett GW, Gunson MJ. Facial planning for orthodontists and oral surgeons. American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics. 2004;126(3):290-295. doi:10.1016/j.ajodo.2004.06.006
  10. Jacobson A. Planning for orthognathic surgery--art or science? Int J Adult Orthodox Orthognathic Surg. 1990;5(4):217-24. PMID: 2135598.
Support