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International Journal of Electro-Mechanics and Material Behaviour Original Research

Synthesis of A Supercapacitor Based on Nanomaterials

  1. Rone Department of Mechanical engineering, EIT, Faridabad

Abstract

Demand for various energy storage technologies in electronic and electrical devices continuously goes on increasing. In that context, objective of this research work is to develop and test an electrode of a energy storage module (supercapacitor) using nickel hydroxide and carbon-based nanocomposite materials. Electrochemical performance of electrode is enhanced by optimizing synthesis parameters and designing the electrochemical cell. Conventional and all solid-state supercapacitors are developed with notable electrochemical performance. Pure Ni(OH)2 deposited on 3D networked nickel foam by chemical bath deposition process under thermal treatment to develop electrode. The nanoflower-like structure formed by connecting nanosheets together exhibits porous structure which leads to faster ions diffusion and also shorten diffusion path of electrolyte. Electrochemical characterization has been carried out using cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic charge-discharge. The specific capacitance of 1065 Fg-1 was observed for Ni(OH)2/Ni electrode at current density 1 Ag-1. The electrochemical characterization result demonstrates that obtained specific capacitance for nanoflower-like Ni(OH)2 was far less than the theoretical specific capacitance of Ni(OH)2 and it is due to the semiconductor nature of nickel hydroxide (poor electrical conductivity ~10-17Scm-1). In order to improve electrical conductivity reduced graphene oxide having good electric conductivity and high surface area (2630 m2g-1) added in pure Ni(OH)2 to form nanocomposite of Ni(OH)2/rGO/Ni. The maximum specific capacitance of 1947 Fg-1 was obtained for Ni(OH)2/rGO/Ni electrode at current density 1 Ag-1. Further, in order to enhance another important parameter stability cobalt is doped in Ni(OH)2/rGO/Ni. Addition of cobalt increases electrochemical activity by offering rich redox reaction from both nickel and cobalt and also it reduces the electrode resistance and increases the oxygen overpotential.

Keywords

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