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504 articles for “Incidence”
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Maternal and Fetal Consequences of Vitamin D Deficiency during Pregnancy: An Overview
Abstract: Apprehensions exist about the adequacy of vitamin D in pregnant and lactating women. Maternal vitamin D status influences maternal, fetal, and breast-fed infant bone health; maternal adverse outcomes (bone health, gestational diabetes, obstructed labor, preeclampsia, and infectious disease); fetal adverse outcomes (growth, bone health, gestational age, intrauterine growth, type 1 diabetes, asthma, immune development and cardiac disease); and infant adverse outcomes. Throughout pregnancy, maternal vitamin D standing may be of …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Medicine · Vol. 10, Issue 3, 2020 · pp. 12–28 Read article
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Mucormycosis: An Emerging Challenge among COVID-19 Patients
Abstract: Mucormycosis is a rare angio-invasive opportunistic fungal infection that has become an emerging challenge among COVID-19 patients. The higher incidence of mucormycosis among COVID-19 patients has been attributed to hypoxia, pre-existing or steroid induced diabetes, diabetic ketoacidosis, increased ferritin levels, and SARS-CoV-2 or steroid mediated immunosuppression. Other contributing factors include prolonged hospitalization with or without use of mechanical ventilators.The epidemiology and etiopathogenesis of this disease are still evolving. Once infected, …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Medicine · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2021 · pp. 34–37 Read article
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Covid-19 Associated Mucormycosis: Urgency To Reconsider The Uncontrolled Use Of Prophylactic Drugs
Abstract: Mucormycosis, a lethal mycosis, has affected hundreds of COVID-19 sufferers in India. Mucormycosis, previously known as zygomycosis, is due to the diverse fungi that belong to the family "Mucorales." These molds are normally determined in soil, air, and damp partitions and often colonize oral mucosa, nose, paranasal sinuses, and throat. The pathophysiological results of diabetes mixed with the intense inflammatory surge in COVID-19 and steroid remedy weaken a person's immunity …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Medicine · Vol. 11, Issue 3, 2021 · pp. 12–17 Read article
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Medicinal Plants with Potent Antidiabetic and Wound Healing Activity: A Review
Abstract: Wound healing is impaired in diabetic patient with infection or hyperglycemia, and because of the increasing incidence of diabetes worldwide wound healing occupies an important and developing fields of research in modern biomedical sciences. As such process of wound healing is highly complicated and becomes more complex when associated with a condition like diabetes which itself is a substantial socioeconomic and quite serious life burden. As a consequence of its …
Published in Research and Reviews : A Journal of Medical Science and Technology · Vol. 4, Issue 1, 2015 · pp. 21–36 Read article
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Microalbuminuria as an Independent Screening Tool in Patients with Myocardial Infarction
Abstract: Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI) is a condition in which there is an inadequate supply of blood and oxygen to a portion of myocardium; most common cause being atherosclerosis of coronary vessels. Microalbuminuria (MAU) is defined as urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR) of 30–300 mg/g. It is considered as marker of generalized endothelial dysfunction and vasculopathy and suggested to contribute to the formation of atherosclerotic lesion and ultimately leading to risk of …
Published in Research and Reviews : A Journal of Medical Science and Technology · Vol. 6, Issue 2, 2017 · pp. 41–45 Read article
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A Triangulation Study to Assess the Behavior of Patients, Family Members and Healthcare Providers Regarding DOTS Programme in Selected DOTS Centers of Delhi
Abstract: Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) is a major public health problem in the country. India is the highest TB burden country globally and accounts for one-fifth of the global incidences. The present study was taken under research to assess the behavior of patients, family members and healthcare providers (HCPs) regarding DOTS programme in selected DOTS centers of Delhi, India. Objective: The objectives were to assess the behavior pattern of patient, family members, …
Published in Research and Reviews : A Journal of Medical Science and Technology · Vol. 8, Issue 2, 2019 · pp. 27–36 Read article
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Management of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy by Ayurvedic Principles: A Case Study
Abstract: Duchenne muscular dystrophy is the most common and severe form of childhood muscular dystrophy, with an incidence of 1 case in 3500 male births. It is an X linked recessive disorder due to the absence or alteration of the dystrophin protein, encoded by the DMD gene on chromosome Xp21. Corticosteroids are the only medications that have shown to alter the course of DMD but are associated with their side effects …
Published in Research and Reviews : A Journal of Medical Science and Technology · Vol. 9, Issue 1, 2020 · pp. 1–5 Read article
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Risk of Hypertension among Pre-Elderly and Elderly in West Java Province, Indonesia
Abstract: Objective: Hypertension (HT) is an important risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, particularly in older people. The aim of the study was to overview the health and nutritional characteristics among pre-elderly and elderly and to investigate its association with HT status in Kebon Kelapa village, West Java Province, Indonesia. Methods: This study used a cross-sectional design and included secondary data from the ‘Cohort Study of Risk Factors for Non-Communicable …
Published in Research and Reviews : A Journal of Medical Science and Technology · Vol. 9, Issue 1, 2020 · pp. 24–28 Read article
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CARDIOVASCULAR EVALUATION OF NEONATES WITH PERINATAL ASPHYXIA WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO CARDIAC TROPONIN T LEVELS ,CREATINE KINASE MB AND 2D ECHO.
Abstract: Methods:70 term babies with perinatal asphyxia were selected as cases.They were evaluatedwithin 24 hours of birth using echocardiography and cardiac enzymes i.e. Troponin T andCK-MB levels .Results:Incidence of cardiac dysfunction in neonates was reported and correlated withcardiac enzymes.Majority had moderate HIE (51.4%), a total of 23 (32.9%) had mild HIEand 11 (15.7%) had severe HIE.Echo findings were abnormal in 45 / 70 (64.3%) of neonateswith Tricuspid regurgitation being most common …
Published in Research and Reviews : A Journal of Medical Science and Technology · Vol. 11, Issue 3, 2022 · pp. 29–42 Read article
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Burden and Practice of Open Defecation in Ethiopia: Narrative Review
Abstract: Open defecation is a universal problem and an estimated 15% to 20% of the global population or more than 1.1 billion people still engage in open defecation. This mini review rapidly focuses on the most important aspects of open defecation, that is, on burden and practice of open defecation in Ethiopia. The search was carried out in PubMed, Medline, Google search, and web sites of relevant governmental and nongovernment agencies …
Published in Research and Reviews : A Journal of Medical Science and Technology · Vol. 12, Issue 1, 2024 · pp. 21–26 Read article
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Presepsin: A Novel Marker for the Neonatal Sepsis: A Brief Review
Abstract: Neonatal sepsis has been recognized as a global health problem with high incidence across the globe. Delay in the early diagnosis leads to increase in the morbidity and mortality. Several biomarkers have been studied and evaluated for the possible early detection of the neonatal sepsis. In present review, the application of presepsin for the possible potential biomarker for the neonatal sepsis has been evaluated. Keywords: Neonatal sepsis, biomarkers, presepsinCite this …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Microbiology and Virology · Vol. 8, Issue 1, 2018 · pp. 22–24 Read article
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Prevalence of Adverse Drug Reactions and Risk Factors Associated with first Line Anti- Tuberculosis Drugs
Abstract: Background: The recommended first line treatment of active tuberculosis (TB) consists of rifampicin (R), isoniazid (H), ethambutol (E) and pyrazinamide (Z). The regimen is highly effective in treating active TB however it is associated with various adverse drug reactions (ADRs) posing undeniable challenges to therapy success. Objectives: To determine the prevalence of ADRs and risk factors associated with first-line anti-tuberculosis medications. Methods: A quantitative cross-sectional descriptive study conducted at the …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Microbiology and Virology · Vol. 12, Issue 2, 2022 · pp. 9–16 Read article
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Tuberculosis Epidemiology and its Diagnostic Modality
Abstract: Tuberculosis (TB) remains a global health emergency, with India being the epicenter, recording 2.23 million cases and approximately 4.53 lakhs deaths in 2021. Despite efforts by the National Tuberculosis Eradication Program (NTEP), the anticipated decrease in the incidence and prevalence of TB has not been actualized. This paper examines the persistently high rates of TB in India, identifying critical risk factors such as male gender, marital status, overcrowding, socioeconomic disadvantages, …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Microbiology and Virology · Vol. 13, Issue 3, 2023 · pp. 7–11 Read article
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Does Perceived Social Support and Insight Influence Schizophrenic Patients Medication Adherence?
Abstract: Background of the Study: Schizophrenia is a severe form of mental illness affecting most of the adult population. Though the incidence is low, the prevalence is high due to its chronicity. Most of the patients having schizophrenia tend to leave medication at some point of time. Social support and insight found to have influence over patients having schizophrenias' adherence towards medication. Aim: This study was aimed at finding the relationship …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Neuroscience · Vol. 8, Issue 3, 2018 · pp. 12–18 Read article
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Prevalence and Various Risk Factors of Musculoskeletal Pain among Physiotherapists: A Survey Study
Abstract: The relationship between physical activity (forceful, repetitive movements with awkward postures) and MSDs is more complicated than just cause and effect. Most studies on the prevalence of work related MSDs (WMSDs) and their association with occupational tasks have been performed in the manufacturing sector, as outlined in comprehensive literature reviews by the National institute for occupational safety and health (NIOSH). Physical activity may cause injury. Some epidemiologic studies have used …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Neuroscience · Vol. 5, Issue 3, 2015 · pp. 14–20 Read article
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Comparative Effectiveness of Surgical and Nonsurgical Management for Patients with Single Level Lumbar Disc Herniation in terms of Symptom Severity and Quality of Life
Abstract: Background: Sciatica is one of the most severe forms of low back pain, with a lifetime prevalence of approximately 30 percent. Aim: To assess the short-term and long-term efficacy of surgical and conservative care in the incidence of sciatic symptoms and quality of life in standard clinical settings among patients with lumbar disc herniation. Material and Method: It was a retrospective study conducted at the Medical Trust Hospital, Kochi, India. …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Neuroscience · Vol. 10, Issue 1, 2020 · pp. 25–29 Read article
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Neurocystic Lesions: Anatomical, Surgical and Radiological Study
Abstract: Cystic lesions tend to be underestimated most of the times. These lesions are not uncommon. The brain is a common site of cysts. Clinically, they can be asymptomatic in the brain or sometimes be present with clinical symptomatology. The incidence and prevalence of brain cysts may differ in different parts of the world as many cysts are parasitic in nature and some parasites are endemic. The present article presents an …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Neuroscience · Vol. 10, Issue 3, 2020 · pp. 20–24 Read article
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Neurobehavioral Disorders: Mapping Biomarkers for Preclusion
Abstract: Neurobehavioral disorders include Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), Schizophrenia, Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD)and Intellectual Disability (ID) as present serious problems for individuals as well as the community. These illnesses are characterized by a wide range of complex symptoms, which makes early assessment, diagnosis, and treatment challenging. However, recent developments in technology and neuroscience have given rise to fresh understandings of the fundamental processes and potential biomarkers …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Neuroscience · Vol. 13, Issue 2, 2023 · pp. 8–22 Read article
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Uncommon Occurrence of Gastric Adenocarcinoma Occurring in a Patient with Common Variable Immunodeficiency Syndrome
Abstract: Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) belongs to the diagnostic category of primary immunodeficiency (PID). They are characterized by a heterogeneous group of disorders that include recurrent infections, autoimmunity, granulomatous diseases and malignancies. The incidence of malignancy in CVID patients is around 1.5–20.7% and usually occurs during the 4th–6th decade of life. Non-hodgkin lymphoma is the most frequent malignancy, followed by epithelial tumors of stomach, breast, bladder and cervix. Patients with CVID …
Published in Research and Reviews: Journal of Oncology and Hematology · Vol. 7, Issue 1, 2018 · pp. 16–20 Read article
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Occult Follicular Carcinoma of Thyroid Presenting as Skull Bone Metastasis: A Rare Case Report
Abstract: Follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC) is a well-differentiated tumor and second most common cancer of the thyroid after papillary carcinoma. They account for 5 to 15% of primary thyroid cancers. Most patient present with a thyroid swelling, only up to 11% patient present with distant metastasis. Skull is a rare site for metastasis. The incidence of skull metastasis of FTC is about 2.5% and, in most cases, metastasis occurred after the …
Published in Research and Reviews: Journal of Oncology and Hematology · Vol. 7, Issue 3, 2018 · pp. 30–33 Read article