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International Journal of Marine Life Review Article

Microorganisms used in aquaculture

  1. Akanksha Karnataka Veterinary, Animal and Fisheries Sciences University, Bidar, College of Fisheries, Mangaluru
  2. Khoob Singh Karnataka Veterinary, Animal and Fisheries Sciences University, Bidar, College of Fisheries, Mangaluru
  3. Rohini Swamy Karnataka Veterinary, Animal and Fisheries Sciences University, Bidar, College of Fisheries, Mangaluru
  4. Amogha K R Karnataka Veterinary, Animal and Fisheries Sciences University, Bidar, College of Fisheries, Mangaluru
  5. Mayur Tandel Karnataka Veterinary, Animal and Fisheries Sciences University, Bidar, College of Fisheries, Mangaluru
  6. Sachin Chavan Karnataka Veterinary, Animal and Fisheries Sciences University, Bidar, College of Fisheries, Mangaluru

Abstract

Microorganisms play a vital role in the health and sustainability of aquaculture systems, contributing to water quality management, disease control, and the overall productivity of aquatic farms. Beneficial microorganisms, including bacteria, fungi, algae, and probiotics, are increasingly recognized for their positive impact on aquaculture operations. These microorganisms can enhance nutrient cycling, promote the breakdown of organic waste, and reduce the need for harmful chemicals, thus improving the environmental footprint of aquaculture. Probiotics, particularly lactic acid bacteria and other beneficial strains, are used to boost the immune systems of aquatic species, reduce pathogenic outbreaks, and improve growth rates. Moreover, certain types of algae and bacteria help control harmful algae blooms and manage water parameters, contributing to healthier aquatic environments. In biofloc systems, microorganisms aid in the recycling of nutrients and conversion of organic waste into usable biomass, improving the sustainability and efficiency of aquaculture systems. The application of microorganisms also extends to disease prevention, with the use of antimicrobial peptides, competitive exclusion, and other natural mechanisms to combat bacterial, viral, and fungal infections. These biological agents offer an eco-friendly alternative to antibiotics and chemical treatments, which are increasingly subject to regulatory restrictions due to concerns over resistance and environmental contamination.

Keywords

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